Enterprise
Enterprise edition manage databases as large as 524 petabytes and address 12 terabytes of memory and supports 640 logical processors (CPU cores)
Standard
It differs from Enterprise edition in that it supports fewer active instances (number of nodes in a cluster) and does not include some high-availability functions such as hot-add memory. Its lower version compare to enterprise edition. Limited to lesser of 4 sockets or 24 cores with 128 GB memory.
Web
SQL Server Web edition is a low total-cost-of-ownership option. Limited to lesser of 4 sockets or 16 cores with 64 GB Memory
Express
Processing power Limited to lesser of 1 socket or 4 cores with 1410 MB memory.
Developer
SQL Server Developer edition lets developers build any kind of application on top of SQL Server. It includes all the functionality of Enterprise edition, but is licensed for use as a development and test system, not as a production server. SQL Server Developer is an ideal choice for people who build and test applications.
